Key points of safety technology for the hottest ho

With the development of industrial buildings and long-span buildings, there are more and more hoisting projects, and the forms of hoisting components, the machines and tools used in hoisting, and the ways and methods of hoisting all tend to be diversified and complicated. Therefore, the safety technology of hoisting engineering is very important. Now, the safety technical points of different hoisting projects are introduced as follows for colleagues' reference

I. General provisions of safety technology

1. Before hoisting, construction organization design or construction scheme shall be prepared to clarify the key points of hoisting safety technology and technical measures to ensure safety

2. The personnel participating in the hoisting shall pass the physical examination. Safety technology education and safety technology disclosure shall be carried out before hoisting

3. Before the hoisting work, the specifications and technical performance of the hoisting transportation and hoisting equipment as well as the rigging, snap ring, fixture, fixture, anchorage, etc. used should be carefully checked or tested. The back door and tail support pressure testing machine of Jinan experimental machine factory is mainly used in the automotive industry. If damage or looseness is found, it should be replaced or repaired immediately. The lifting equipment should be tested and repaired in time if it is found to be inflexible and worn; Trial hoisting shall be carried out for important components before hoisting, and formal hoisting can be carried out only after all parts are checked to be normal

II. Prevent falling from high altitude

1. Hoisting personnel should wear safety helmets; Personnel working at heights should wear safety belts, non slip shoes and tool bags

2. There should be obvious signs in the hoisting work area, and a special person should be assigned to guard. Personnel irrelevant to hoisting are strictly forbidden to enter. When the crane is working, no one is allowed to stand or pass within the rotation radius of the boom

3. When transporting and hoisting components, it is strictly forbidden to stand on the transported and hoisted components to command and place materials and tools

4. Construction personnel working at heights should stand on the operating platform or portable ladder to work. Temporary safety guardrails or other safety measures shall be set on the hoisting layer

5. Ladders and temporary operation platforms for climbing shall be bound firmly; The angle between the ladder and the ground should be 60-70 °. The gangplank of the operation platform should be leveled and bound, and it is strictly forbidden to have a lug board

III. prevent objects from falling and injuring people

in an interview with plastics in 2014

1. When transporting objects from high altitude to the ground, they should be tied with ropes and hoisted down. During hoisting, it is not allowed to stack or hang sporadic objects on the components. Sporadic materials and objects can only be hoisted and transferred after being firmly tied up with lifting cage, steel wire rope and safety rope. It is not allowed to throw materials, objects and tools at will to prevent slipping and hurting people or accidents 12 Plastic abrasion testing machine

2. the components must be bound firmly, the lifting point should pass through the center of gravity of the components, and the lifting should be stable to avoid vibration or swing

3. when lifting components, the speed should not be too fast, and it is not allowed to stay at high altitude for too long. It is strictly prohibited to rise and fall sharply to prevent components from falling off

4. After the components are in place and before temporary fixing, do not loosen the hook or untie the lifting sling. After the components are fixed, the connection should be checked for firmness and stability. When the connection is determined to be safe and reliable, it can be widely used in auto parts enterprises, scientific research institutions, spring manufacturers and other industries. Temporary fixing tools can be removed and the next hoisting can be carried out

5. Necessary anti-skid measures shall be taken for hoisting in windy and snowy days, frost and fog days and rainy days, and sufficient lighting shall be provided for night operation

IV. prevent the crane from overturning

1. The road on which the crane travels must be flat, solid and reliable, and the parking place must be flat

2. the crane shall not be parked on the ramp to work, and it is not allowed for the two covering belts or outriggers of the crane to stay one high and one low, or the soil is one hard and one soft

3. when lifting components, the sling should be kept vertical and should not be pulled obliquely beyond the slewing radius of the crane, so as to avoid overload and wire rope slipping or breaking the rope, which will make the crane unstable. The pulling rope shall be set when lifting heavy components

4. During crane operation, the boom shall be lifted, lowered and rotated smoothly, and shall not shake in the air. At the same time, emergency braking or shock vibration shall be avoided as far as possible. It is strictly forbidden to overload the crane without taking reliable technical measures and approval of relevant technical departments, so as to avoid accelerating the wear of mechanical parts and causing the crane to overturn

5. the crane should try to avoid running at full load; When the load is full or close to full, it is strictly forbidden to carry out lifting and slewing (lifting and horizontal rotation or lifting and walking) at the same time, so as to avoid the crane overload caused by uneven roads or inertial forces, which will lead to rollover accidents

6. When two hoisting machines operate at the same time, a safe distance of more than 5m shall be maintained between the components suspended by the hooks of the two machines to avoid collision accidents

7. When lifting components with two cranes, a reasonable load distribution should be carried out according to the lifting capacity of the crane (the lifting weight should not exceed 75% of the total allowable lifting capacity of the two cranes, and the load of each crane should not exceed 80% of its safe load). During operation, the action must be coordinated under the unified command, and the lifting and moving at the same time, so that the hook and pulley group of the two cranes should basically remain vertical. The drivers of the two cranes should closely cooperate with each other to prevent one crane from losing weight and overloading the other

8. During hoisting, there should be a special person responsible for unified command. The commander should be located at a place where the operator can see clearly and can see the whole process of hoisting. Crane drivers must be familiar with signals and operate according to various signals of the commander; Command signals shall be uniformly specified in advance, and the signals sent shall be clear and accurate

9. When the wind force is equal to or greater than level 6, it is forbidden to carry out crane movement and hoisting operations in the open air

10. When the crane stops working, the slewing and traveling mechanism should be braked and the cab door should be locked. Components shall not be hung on the hook, and shall be raised to a high place to avoid swinging injury and crane instability

v. prevent the instability of the hoisting structure

1. The hoisting of components should be carried out according to the specified hoisting process and procedures. Without calculation and reliable technical measures, it is not allowed to change or reverse the process procedures to install structural components at will

2. When the components are hoisted in place, the hook can be removed only after preliminary calibration and temporary fixing or reliable connection, and the temporary fixing tools can be removed only after the final fixing. Before a single member with a large height width ratio is temporarily or finally fixed to form a stable unit system, a slip rope or diagonal brace shall be set for tension (bracing)

3. after the component is fixed, it is not allowed to pry or move the position at will. If it needs to be recalibrated, it must be hooked back

VI. prevent electric shock

1. Special personnel shall be assigned to install, maintain and manage power lines and equipment on the lifting site

2. The horizontal or vertical distance between the highest point of the component or suspender and the wire shall comply with the relevant provisions of safe electricity use when the component is transported, the crane is working under the wire or driving beside the wire

3. Other types of cranes and steel derricks using tower cranes or long suspenders shall be equipped with lightning protection and anti electric shock equipment. All electrical machinery must have good grounding or neutral connection, and the grounding resistance should not be greater than 4 Ω, and the shaking test of grounding electrode resistance should be carried out regularly